Cruise control development and hardware-in-the-loop validation for electric motorcycles

In electric motorcycle applications, speed tracking and speed limiting are important features of the vehicle supervisory control (VSC) system that allows the rider to minimize the control effort and avoid over speeding when riding on highway. In this paper, a cruise control (CC) system is developed allowing the vehicles to follow any desired speed limits within their capability. The proposed system employs a classical Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, which enables the vehicle to match the desired cruise speed set when CC function is active. The developed CC system is verified and validated using Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) simulation testing. The HiL results demonstrate that the proposed CC logic function effectively, with a maximum percentage of error between the vehicle speed and the cruise reference speed is less than 7%